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Steel Truss Bridge Description:

Introduction of the steel truss bridge:

The steel truss bridge is a structural system between beams and arches. It is a structure in which a bent upper beam structure and a pressure-bearing lower column are integrated together. Due to the rigid connection between the beam and the column, the beam is unloaded due to the flexural rigidity of the column. The entire system is a compression-bending structure as well as a thrust structure.

According to the different position of the bridge floor, it is divided into upper bearing steel truss bridge that the bridge floor is located in the upper part of the main truss and lower bearing steel truss bridge which the bridge floor is located in the lower part of the main truss.

The structure composition of rigid truss beam bridge: Main girder, Bracing, Bridge deck system, Bridge floor

(1) Main girder

It is the main load-bearing structure and bears vertical loads.

The main truss is composed of upper chord, lower chord and belly rod. The belly bar is divided into diagonal bar and vertical bar.

Nodes are divided into large nodes and small nodes.

Pitch refers to the distance between nodes.

(2) Bracing

1. Classification: longitudinal connection and horizontal connection.

2. Function: Connect the main truss, make the bridge span structure become a stable space structure that can withstand a variety of lateral loads.

(3) Bridge deck system

1. Composition: the longitudinal beam, beam and the connection between the longitudinal beam.

2. Way of force transmission: the load first acts on the longitudinal beam, and then from the longitudinal beam to the beam, and then from the beam to the main truss.

(4) Bridge deck

The bridge deck is the part for vehicles and pedestrians to walk on. The form of the deck is similar to that of steel beam Bridges and combined beam bridges.

Geometric characteristics of the main truss:

Economy, simple structure, conducive to standardization and easy to manufacture and install.

The main truss categories:

Triangular truss: Triangular truss structure is simple, the design is fixed, easy to install and manufacture.

Diagonal bar truss:

Many bar specifications.

Many specifications and large internal force of the vertical rod.

All are large nodes.

The K-shaped truss:

The shear force of the same node is borne by two diagonal rods, which are small and short in section.

The bar has many specifications, many nodes, short intersections, and many crossbar beams and connections. For small and medium-sized spans, the structure is complex.

For large spans, the rods are short, light and suitable for mounting and dismounting Bridges.

Double-vented bar truss:

The same internode shear force is borne by two diagonal rods, which are small and short in section.

It is used for large span, short compression inclined rod, which is favorable for buckling stability.

The small section of the inclined rod makes the number of connecting pins on the joint plate less, and it is easy to arrange the joint.

Advantages of the steel truss bridge:

Road and highway bridges: Truss bridges are frequently used to span rivers, valleys, or other obstacles in road and highway construction. They provide a strong and stable structure capable of supporting heavy loads, including vehicles and pedestrians. Truss bridges can be designed for different spans and load capacities to accommodate various road and highway requirements.

Railway bridges: Truss bridges have been widely used in railway infrastructure. They are capable of withstanding the heavy loads and dynamic forces exerted by trains. Truss bridge designs can be tailored to meet the specific requirements of different railway applications, including freight and passenger lines.

Large span
Fast construction speed
Energy saving
Beautiful building appearance
Good seismic performance
Wide application
Can be customized

Application of the steel truss bridge:

Truss bridges have been widely used throughout history and continue to be used in modern bridge construction. They have been employed for both road and railway bridges, providing efficient and cost-effective solutions for spanning large distances. Truss bridges are often prefabricated in sections and then assembled on-site, allowing for faster construction and reduced disruption to traffic.

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