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BBO Crystal is a one of the most important nonlinear optical crystals, beta-barium borate (β-BaB2O4,β-BBO) combines many outstanding features such as its high nonlinear optical coefficients, low group-velocity dispersion, broad transparency range (189–3500 nm) and high damage threshold. This unique combination ensures β-BBO crystal a promising candidate for a wide range of nonlinear optical applications such as frequency converters and optical parametric oscillators. In the realm of quantum optics, β-BBO crystal can be used to generate entangled photon pairs and ten-photon entanglement.
Physical and Chemical Properties
| Property | Value |
| Chemical formula | BaB2O4 |
| Crystal structure | trigonal, 3m |
| Lattice Parameter | a=b=12.532Å,c=12.717Å, Z=6 |
| Mass density | 3.85 g/cm3 |
| Moh hardness | 4 |
| Melting point | About 1095°C |
| Thermal conductivity | 1.2 W/m/K (⊥c); 1.6 W/m/K (//c) |
| Thermal expansion coefficient | α,4×10-6/K; c,36×10-6/K |
| Birefringence | negative uniaxial |
| Property | Value |
| Transparency Range | 189 – 3500 nm |
| Absorption Coefficient | α<0.1%/cm @1064nm |
at 1.0642 μm at 0.5321 μm at 0.2660 μm | ne = 1.5425, no = 1.6551 ne = 1.5555, no = 1.6749 ne = 1.6146, no = 1.7571 |
| Sellmeier Equations(λ in μm) | no2(λ) = 2.7359+0.01878/(λ2-0.01822)-0.01354λ2 ne2(λ) = 2.3753+0.01224/(λ2-0.01667)-0.01516λ2 |
| Property | Value |
| SHG Phase Matchable Range | 409.6 ∼ 3500nm (Type I); 525 ∼ 3500nm (TypeII) |
| NLO coefficients | d11= 5.8 x d36(KDP); d31 = 0.05 x d11; d22< 0.05 x d11 |
| deff(I)=d31sinθ+ (d11cos3φ – d22sin3φ)cosθ | |
| deff(II)=(d11sin3φ+ d22cos3θ)cos2θ | |
| Therm-Optic Coefficients | dno/dT = – 9.3 x 10-6/◦C |
| dne/dT = -16.6 x 10-6/◦C | |
| Electro-Optic Coefficients | g11= 2.7 pm/V, g22, g31< 0.1 g11 |
| Half-Wave Voltage | 48 KV (at 1064 nm) |
| Damage Threshold | |
| at 1.064 μm | 5 GW/cm2 (10 ns); 10 GW/cm2 (1.3 ns) |
| at 0.532 μm | 1 GW/cm2 (10 ns); 7 GW/cm2 (250 ps) |
Experimental Values of Phase-matching Angle (T =293K)
| Interacting wavelengths[μm] | θexp [deg] |
| SHG, o+o ⇒ e | |
| 0.4096⇒0.2048 | 90 |
| 0.41⇒0.20 | 90 |
| 0.41152⇒0.20576 | 82.8 |
| 0.41546⇒0.20773 | 79.2 |
| 0.418⇒0.209 | 77.3 |
| 0.429⇒0.2145 | 71 |
| 0.4765⇒0.23825 | 57 |
| 0.488⇒0.244 | 54.5 |
| 0.4965⇒0.24825 | 52.5 |
| 0.5106⇒0.2553 | 50/50.6 |
| 0.5145⇒0.25725 | 49.5 |
| 0.5321⇒0.26605 | 47.3/47.5/47.6/48 |
| 0.589⇒0.2945 | 41.5 |
| 0.604⇒0.302 | 40 |
| 0.6156⇒0.3078 | 39 |
| 0.616⇒0.308 | 38 |
| 0.70946⇒0.35473 | 32.9/33/33.1/33.3/33.7 |
| 0.78⇒0.39 | 31/30 |
| 0.8⇒0.4 | 26.5 |
| 0.946⇒0.473 | 24.9 |
| 1.0642⇒0.5321 | 22.7/22.8 |
| SFG, o+o ⇒ e | |
| 0.73865+0.25725⇒0.1908 | 81.7 |
| 0.72747+0.26325⇒0.1933 | 76 |
| 0.5922+0.2961⇒0.1974 | 88 |
| 0.5964+0.2982⇒0.1988 | 82.5 |
| 0.5991+0.29955⇒0.1997 | 80 |
| 0.60465+0.30233⇒0.20155 | 76.2 |
| 0.5321+0.32561⇒0.202 | 83.9 |
| 0.6099+0.30495⇒0.2033 | 73.5 |
| 0.5321+0.34691⇒0.21 | 71.9 |
| 0.7736+0.25787⇒0.1934 | 70.7 |
| 0.5321+0.35473⇒0.21284 | 70 |
| 0.51567+0.38675⇒0.221 | 64.7 |
| 0.804+0.268⇒0.201 | 64 |
| 0.75+0.375⇒0.25 | 61.7 |
| 1.0642+0.26605⇒0.21284 | 51.1 |
| 0.78+0.373⇒0.2523 | 47.4 |
| 1.0642+0.298⇒0.23281 | 46.1 |
| 0.5782+0.5106⇒0.27115 | 46 |
| 0.59099+0.5321⇒0.28 | 44.7 |
| 0.78+0.43⇒0.2772 | 43.4 |
| 1.0642+0.35473⇒0.26605 | 40.2 |
| 1.0641+0.53205⇒0.3547 | 31.3 |
| 1.0642+0.5321⇒0.35473 | 31.1/31.3/31.4 |
| 2.68823+0.5712⇒0.4711 | 21.8 |
| 1.41831+1.0642⇒0.608 | 21 |
| SHG, e+o ⇒ e | |
| 0.5321⇒0.26605 | 81 |
| 0.70946⇒0.35473 | 48/48.1 |
| 1.0642⇒0.5321 | 31.6/32.4/32.7/32.9 |
| SFG, e+o ⇒ e | |
| 1.0642+0.35473⇒0.26605 | 46.6 |
| 1.0642+0.5321⇒0.35473 | 38.4/38.5 |
| SFG, o+e ⇒ e | |
| 1.0642+0.5321⇒0.35473 | 59.8 |
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