ASTM A789 Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe 316Ti / 316L Stainless SS Pipe SCH40S SCH80S in 6m Length

ASTM A789 Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe 316Ti / 316L Stainless SS Pipe SCH40S SCH80S in 6m Length

TP316Ti Stainless Steel Tubes Properties and Character

Type 316Ti Stainless Steel Tube is an improved corrosion resistant Chrome-Nickel steel alloy with high content of Molybdenum and Titanium. It is not a typical free machining grade and therefore not recommended for difficult high speed machining process.Grade 316Ti stainless steel has been traditionally specified by German engineers and users with the Werkstoff number 316Ti.The former steel grade in the UK was 320S31.

316Ti Stainless Steel Tubes is essentially a standard carbon 316 type with titanium stabilisation and is similar in principle to the titanium stabilisation of the 304 (1.4301) type to produce 321 (1.4541). The addition of titanium is made to reduce the risk of intergranular corrosion (IC) following heating in the temperature range 425-815C.The addition of titanium reduces the risk of IC since titanium carbo-nitrides are formed in preference to chromium carbides which has the effect of maintaining the correct distribution of chromium throughout the structure of the steel.

The weldability of the 316Ti and 316L can be assumed to be similar. Neither of the grades can be expected to weld 'easier' or 'better' than-the-other. Niobium stabilised fillers (welding consumables) should be used for welding the 316Ti, especially where elevated temperature weld strength may be important. In other circumstances a '316L' filler should give a matching weld metal aqueous corrosion resistance to that of the 'parent' '316Ti' material.

TP316Ti Stainless Steel Tubes Chemical Composition

TP316Ti Stainless Steel Tube Mechanical Properties

The presence of titanium to 316Ti does, however, give some improvements to mechanical strength, especially, at elevated temperatures above about 600 C. and care must therefore be exercised in selecting 1.4404 as a substitute under these conditions. The 316Ti may however have inferior impact properties at ambient temperatures, compared to the 1.4404 / 1.4432 types.

ASME SA213 TP316 TP316L TP316Ti Mechanical Properties

TP316Ti Stainless Steel Tube Intergranular Corrosion

When austenitic stainless steel are subject to prolonged heating in the temperature range 425-815°C, the carbon in the steel diffuses to the grain boundaries and precipitate chromium carbide. This removes chromium from the solid solution and leaves a lower chromium content adjacent to the grain boundaries. Steel in this condition are termed 'sensitised'. The grain boundaries become prone to preferential atack on subsequent exposure to a corrosive environment. This type of corrosion is known as intergranular corrosion , also known in the past as 'weld decay'.

The result is that areas adjacent to grain boundaries, where the carbo-nitrides form, is not depleted of chromium to a level at which localised corrosion can occur in the grain boundary area.

The alternative approach to reducing the risk of Intergranular Corrosion attack is to reduce the carbon level to below 0.03%. In this way a grade of 316 is produced with, in practice, the same resistance to Intergranular Corrosion as 316Ti. This is the basis of the 316L types (S31603/1.4404).

TP316Ti Stainless Steel Tube Corrosion Resistance

There is also some evidence that the 316Ti type may have inferior pitting corrosion resistance and stress corrosion cracking resistance, compared to the 316L types, although the general corrosion resistance can be assumed to be generally similar. The titanium stabilised 316Ti grade may also be prone to 'knife line attack' in the heat-affected zones of welds, very close to the fusion zone where the carbo-nitrides have redissolved in the solid steel matrix.

Due to its superior Corrosion resistance, it has been used in handling many of the chemicals used by chemical process industries. It is more resistant to pitting Corrosion than typical 18-8 alloys for optimum corrosion resistance, surface must be free of scales and foreign particles. Parts should be passivated.

Is TP316Ti Stainless Steel interchangeable with 316L Stainless Steel?

Under most conditions it can be taken that the two grades are interchangeable, 316L (S31603 / 1.4404) being suitable for applications where 316Ti (S31635 / 1.4571) is specified. In aqueous corrosion media or environments at ambient temperatures, there is no practical advantage in specifying the 316Ti type in preference to the 316L. In some circumstances the 316L (1.4404 ) grades may be better choices.

TP316Ti Stainless Steel Tube Machinability

The machinability of 316Ti can also be an issue as the titanium carbo-nitrides particles can result in higher tool wear and may not cold form or cold head as readily as the 1.4404 / 1.4432 types.

TP316Ti Stainless Steel Tubes Polishing

The titanium carbo-nitrides in 316Ti can also result in problems where high standards of polished surface finish are required. The titanium carbo-nitrides particles can result in 'comet-tail' streaks on the polished surface as they are dragged out during polishing. This is similar to the 1.4541(321) grade, which was not recommended for a 'No8' bright mechanical polish in now obsolete BS1449 Pt2 (now replaced by EN 10088:2-1995 finish 1P/2P).

TP316Ti Stainless Steel Tubes Weldability

The weldability of the 316Ti Stainless Steel and 316L Stainless Steel can be assumed to be similar. Neither of the grades can be expected to weld 'easier' or 'better' than-the-other. Niobium stabilised fillers (welding consumables) should be used for welding the 316Ti, especially where elevated temperature weld strength may be important. In other circumstances a '316L' filler should give a matching weld metal aqueous corrosion resistance to that of the 'parent' 316Ti '316Ti' material.

316Ti Stainless Steel Tube Applications

Pressure Vessel, Heat Exchanger Tubes, Automotive, high temperature and Chemical processing.

OtherStainless Steel Tubes