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High-Efficiency Water Cooled PMSM Permanent Magnet Electric Motor
What Is The Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor?
The PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR is mainly composed of the stator, rotor, chassis, front-rear cover, bearings, etc. The structure of the stator is basically the same as that of ordinary asynchronous motors, and the main difference between the permanent magnet synchronous motor and other kinds of motors is its rotor.
The permanent magnet material with pre-magnetized (magnetic charged) magnetic on the surface or inside the permanent magnet of the motor, provides the necessary air gap magnetic field for the motor. This rotor structure can effectively reduce the motor volume, reduce loss and improve efficiency.
Analysis of the principle of the technical advantages of permanent magnet motor
The principle of a permanent magnet synchronous motor is as follows: In the motor's stator winding into the three-phase current, after the pass-in current, it will form a rotating magnetic field for the motor's stator winding. Because the rotor is installed with the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet's magnetic pole is fixed, according to the principle of magnetic poles of the same phase attracting different repulsion, the rotating magnetic field generated in the stator will drive the rotor to rotate, The rotation speed of the rotor is equal to the speed of the rotating pole produced in the stator.
Due to the use of permanent magnets to provide magnetic fields, the rotor process is mature, reliable, and flexible in size, and the design capacity can be as small as tens of watts, up to megawatts. At the same time, by increasing or decreasing the number of pairs of rotor permanent magnets, it is easier to change the number of poles of the motor, which makes the speed range of permanent magnet synchronous motors wider. With multi-pole permanent magnet rotors, the rated speed can be as low as a single digit, which is difficult to achieve by ordinary asynchronous motors.
Especially in the low-speed high-power application environment, the permanent magnet synchronous motor can be directly driven by a multi-pole design at low speed, compared with an ordinary motor plus reducer, the advantages of a permanent magnet synchronous motor can be highlighted.
PM Motor Structure
PM motor structures can be separated into two categories: interior and surface. Each category has its subset of categories. A surface PM motor can have its magnets on or inset into the surface of the rotor, to increase the robustness of the design. An interior permanent magnet motor positioning and design can vary widely. The IPM motor’s magnets can be inset as a large block or staggered as they come closer to the core. Another method is to have them embedded in a spoke pattern.
The features of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor:
The characteristics and advantages of permanent magnet motors:
Motor from the source of excitation can be divided into two categories: permanent magnet motor, and electric excitation motor. A permanent magnet motor is an electric motor that produces an excitation magnetic field from a permanent magnet. The most widely used three-phase asynchronous motors in industry and civil use, such as Y-Series, Y2-Series, YE2-Series, YX3 Series, Series YB, series YB2 series, etc. all belong to electric excitation motors. ENNENG Motor products are ultra-efficient permanent magnet synchronous motors.
Compared with traditional electric excitation motors, permanent magnet motors, especially rare earth permanent magnet motors, have the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, small size, lightweight, small loss and high efficiency, and flexible and diverse shape and size of the motor. The application is extremely wide, covering almost all areas of aerospace, national defense, industrial and agricultural production, and daily life.
The development trend of rare earth permanent magnet motors
Rare earth permanent magnet motors are developing towards high power (high speed, high torque), high functionality, and miniaturization, and are constantly expanding new motor varieties and application fields, and the application prospects are very optimistic. In order to meet the needs, the design and manufacturing process of rare earth permanent magnet motors still need to be continuously innovated, the electromagnetic structure will be more complex, the calculation structure will be more accurate, and the manufacturing process will be more advanced and applicable.
Application of rare earth permanent magnet motor
Due to the superiority of rare earth permanent magnet motors, their applications are becoming more and more extensive. The main application areas are as follows:
Focus on the high efficiency and energy saving of rare earth permanent magnet motors. The main application objects are large power consumers, such as rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motors for textile and chemical fiber industries, rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motors for various mining and transportation machinery used in oil fields and coal mines, and rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motors for driving various pumps and fans.
Self-sensing versus closed-loop operation
Recent advances in drive technology allow standard ac drives to “self-detect” and track the motor magnet position. A closed-loop system typically uses the z-pulse channel to optimize performance. Through certain routines, the drive knows the exact position of the motor magnet by tracking the A/B channels and correcting for errors with the z-channel. Knowing the exact position of the magnet allows for optimum torque production resulting in optimum efficiency.
