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Peltier Cooler For Controlling The Temperature Of Lamp Beads In The Integrating Sphere
Thermoelectric cooling uses the peltier effect to create
a heat flux between the junction of two different types of
materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat
pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat
from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of
electrical energy, depending on the direction of the current. Such
an instrument is also called a Peltier device, Peltier heat pump,
solid state refrigerator, or thermoelectric cooler (TEC). It can be
used either for heating or for cooling, although in practice the
main application is cooling. It can also be used as a temperature
controller that either heats or cools.
This technology is far less commonly applied to refrigeration than
vapor-compression refrigeration is. The primary advantages of a
Peltier cooler compared to a vapor-compression refrigerator are its
lack of moving parts or circulating liquid, very long life,
invulnerability to leaks, small size, and flexible shape. Its main
disadvantages are high cost and poor power efficiency. Many
researchers and companies are trying to develop Peltier coolers
that are cheap and efficient.
A Peltier cooler can also be used as a thermoelectric generator. When operated as a cooler, a voltage is applied across the device, and as a result, a difference in temperature will build up between the two sides. When operated as a generator, one side of the device is heated to a temperature greater than the other side, and as a result, a difference in voltage will build up between the two sides. However, a well-designed Peltier cooler will be a mediocre thermoelectric generator and vice versa, due to different design and packaging requirements.