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Anhydrous hydrogen chloride (HCl) refers to hydrogen chloride gas that is completely free of water vapor. It is the gaseous form of hydrochloric acid without any water molecules present. Here are some key points about anhydrous hydrogen chloride:
Composition: Anhydrous hydrogen chloride consists of hydrogen (H) and chlorine (Cl) atoms. It is a diatomic molecule, meaning it consists of two hydrogen chloride (HCl) molecules bonded together.
Properties: Anhydrous hydrogen chloride is a colorless gas with a strong, pungent odor. It is highly soluble in water and readily forms hydrochloric acid when exposed to moisture. It is denser than air and tends to sink to lower levels.
Production: Anhydrous hydrogen chloride can be produced by several methods, including the reaction of hydrogen gas (H2) with chlorine gas (Cl2). This reaction typically occurs in the presence of a catalyst, such as activated carbon or iron.
Uses: Anhydrous hydrogen chloride has various industrial applications:
Chemical Synthesis: It is used as a raw material or reactant in the production of various chemicals, including organic compounds, plastics, pharmaceuticals, and dyes.
Metal Processing: Anhydrous hydrogen chloride is utilized for metal cleaning, surface treatment, and pickling. It can remove oxide layers and impurities from metal surfaces before further processing.
Gas and Oil Industry: It is used in the gas and oil industry for processes such as well stimulation and acidizing. Anhydrous hydrogen chloride can dissolve minerals and create channels in underground formations, enhancing the flow of oil and gas.
Semiconductor Manufacturing: Anhydrous hydrogen chloride is employed in the semiconductor industry for etching and cleaning silicon wafers during the production of microchips and other electronic components.
Safety Considerations: Anhydrous hydrogen chloride is a highly corrosive and toxic gas. It can cause severe burns to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system upon contact. When exposed to moisture, it rapidly reacts with water to form hydrochloric acid, releasing heat and potentially causing additional hazards. Proper safety precautions, including the use of appropriate protective equipment, ventilation, and safe handling procedures, should be followed when working with anhydrous hydrogen chloride.
Due to its hazardous nature, anhydrous hydrogen chloride should be handled with extreme caution, and its use and storage should comply with strict safety protocols and regulations.
| Purity | ≥99.999% | 99.9998% | ||||||||
| N2 | ≤2 ppm | 0.01 ppm | ||||||||
| O2+Ar | ≤1ppm | 0.04 ppm | ||||||||
| CO | ≤1 ppm | 0.01 ppm | ||||||||
| CO2 | ≤2 ppm | 0.76 ppm | ||||||||
| CH4+C2H2 | ≤1 ppm | 0.01 ppm | ||||||||
| H2O | ≤1 ppm | 0.23 ppm | ||||||||
| Fe | ≤0.5 ppm | 0.25 ppm | ||||||||
| Other Metal Elements(Mn, Co, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni etc.) | ≤0.1 ppm | 0.06 ppm | ||||||||
