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[China]
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Address: Room 311, No.1211, Mudanjiang Road, Baoshan district, Shanghai
Contact name:Qiu
Ohmalloy Material Co.,Ltd |
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Bright Surface Fe Ni Precision Alloys With Wooden Case / Spool Package
OHMALLOY
sealing glass elements of vacuum Relays
OhmAlloy-4J29 (Expansion alloy)
(Common Name: Kovar, Nilo K, KV-1, Dilver Po, Vacon 12)
OhmAlloy-4J29 also known as Kovar alloy. it was invented to meet the need for a reliable glass-to-metal seal, which is required in electronic devices such as light bulbs, vacuum tubes, cathode ray tubes, and in vacuum systems in chemistry and other scientific research. Most metals cannot seal to glass because their coefficient of thermal expansion is not the same as glass, so as the joint cools after fabrication the stresses due to the differential expansion rates of the glass and metal cause the joint to crack.
Kovar is a nickel–cobalt ferrous alloy compositionally identical to Fernico, designed to be compatible with the thermal expansion characteristics of borosilicate glass (~5 × 10−6 /K between 30 and 200 °C, to ~10 × 10−6 /K at 800 °C) in order to allow direct mechanical connections over a range of temperatures. It finds application in electroplated conductors entering glass envelopes of electronic parts such as vacuum tubes (valves), X-ray and microwave tubes and some lightbulbs.
The name Kovar is often used as a general term for Fe–Ni alloys with these particular thermal expansion properties. Note the related particular Fe–Ni alloy Invar which exhibits minimum thermal expansion.
OhmAlloy-4J29was invented to meet the need for a reliable glass-to-metal seal, which is required in electronic devices such as light bulbs, vacuum tubes, cathode ray tubes, and in vacuum systems in chemistry and other scientific research. Most metals cannot seal to glass because their coefficient of thermal expansion is not the same as glass, so as the joint cools after fabrication the stresses due to the differential expansion rates of the glass and metal cause the joint to crack.
OhmAlloy-4J29 not only has thermal expansion similar to glass, but its nonlinear thermal expansion curve can often be made to match a glass, thus allowing the joint to tolerate a wide temperature range. Chemically, it bonds to glass via the intermediate oxide layer of nickel oxide and cobalt oxide; the proportion of iron oxide is low due to its reduction with cobalt. The bond strength is highly dependent on the oxide layer thickness and character. The presence of cobalt makes the oxide layer easier to melt and dissolve in the molten glass. A grey, grey-blue or grey-brown color indicates a good seal. A metallic color indicates lack of oxide, while black color indicates overly oxidized metal, in both cases leading to a weak joint.
Mainly used in electric vacuum components and emission control, shock tube, igniting tube, glass magnetron, transistors, seal plug, relay, integrated circuits lead, chassis, brackets and other housing sealing.
| Ni | 28.5~29.5 | Fe | Bal. | Co | 16.8~17.8 | Si | ≤0.3 |
| Mo | ≤0.2 | Cu | ≤0.2 | Cr | ≤0.2 | Mn | ≤0.5 |
| C | ≤0.03 | P | ≤0.02 | S | ≤0.02 |
| Code of condition | Condition | Wire | Strip |
| R | Soft | ≤585 | ≤570 |
| 1/4I | 1/4 Hard | 585~725 | 520~630 |
| 1/2I | 1/2 Hard | 655~795 | 590~700 |
| 3/4I | 3/4 Hard | 725~860 | 600~770 |
| I | Hard | ≥850 | ≥700 |
| Density (g/cm3) | 8.2 |
| Electrical resistivity at 20℃(Ωmm2/m) | 0.48 |
| Temperature factor of resistivity(20℃~100℃)X10-5/℃ | 3.7~3.9 |
| Curie point Tc/ ℃ | 430 |
| Elastic Modulus, E/ Gpa | 138 |
The heat treatment process | |
| Annealing for stress relief | Heated to 470~540℃ and hold 1~2 h. Cold down |
| annealing | In vacuum heated to 750~900℃ |
| Holding time | 14 min~1h. |
| Cooling rate | No more than 10 ℃/min cooled to 200 ℃ |
Coefficient of expansion
| θ/℃ | α1/10-6℃-1 | θ/℃ | α1/10-6℃-1 |
| 20~60 | 7.8 | 20~500 | 6.2 |
| 20~100 | 6.4 | 20~550 | 7.1 |
| 20~200 | 5.9 | 20~600 | 7.8 |
| 20~300 | 5.3 | 20~700 | 9.2 |
| 20~400 | 5.1 | 20~800 | 10.2 |
| 20~450 | 5.3 | 20~900 | 11.4 |
Thermal conductivity
| θ/℃ | 100 | 200 | 300 | 400 | 500 |
| λ/ W/(m*℃) | 20.6 | 21.5 | 22.7 | 23.7 | 25.4 |
Style of supply
| Alloys Name | Type | Dimension | ||
| OhmAlloy-4J29 | Wire | D= 0.1~8mm | ||
| OhmAlloy-4J29 | Strip | W= 5~250mm | T= 0.1mm | |
| OhmAlloy-4J29 | Foil | W= 10~100mm | T= 0.01~0.1mm | |
| OhmAlloy-4J29 | Bar | Dia= 8~100mm | L= 50~1000mm | |
1. What's the minimum quantity customer can order?
If we have your size in stock, we can provide any quantity you
want.
If we do not have, for spool wire, we can produce 1 spool, about
2-3kg. For coil wire, 25kg.
2. How can you pay for small sample amount?
We have account, wire transfer for sample amount also ok.
3. Customer do not have express account. How will us arrange the
delivery for sample order?
Just need to provide your address information, we will check the
express cost, you can arrange the express cost together with sample
value.
4. What's our payment terms?
We can accept LC T/T payment terms, it also depending on delivery
and total amount. Let's talk more in details after getting your
detailed requirements.
5. Do you provide free samples?
If you want several meters and we have stock of your size, we can
provide, customer need to bear the International express cost.
6. What's our working time?
We will give you reply through email/phone Online contact tool
within 24 hours. No matter working day or holidays.
