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Data virtualization and SQL Server 2019 big data cluster
Contemporary enterprises usually control huge data assets composed
of various growing data sets hosted in isolated data sources
throughout the company. With SQL Server 2019 SQL Server 2019 big
data cluster , you can get near real-time insights from all the
data, the cluster provides a complete environment to process large
amounts of data including machine learning and AI functions.
TABLE 1
New features or updates details
Scalable big data solutions Deploy a scalable cluster of SQL
Server, Spark, and HDFS containers running on Kubernetes. Read,
write, and process big data in Transact-SQL or Spark. Easily merge
and analyze high-value relational data through large-capacity big
data. Query external data sources. Store big data in HDFS managed
by SQL Server. Query data from multiple external data sources
through a cluster. Use the data for AI, machine learning, and other
analytical tasks. In the big data cluster in deploying and running
applications . The primary instance of SQL Server uses Always On
availability group technology to provide high availability and
disaster recovery for all databases.
Data virtualization with PolyBase Use external tables to query data
from external SQL Server, Oracle, Teradata, MongoDB, and ODBC data
sources . UTF-8 encoding support is now provided . For details, see
What is PolyBase? .
For details, see What is SQL Server Big Data Cluster .
Intelligent database
SQL Server 2019 (15.x) is built on innovations in earlier versions
and is designed to provide industry-leading performance out of the
box. From intelligent query processing to support for persistent
memory devices, the SQL Server intelligent database feature
improves the performance and scalability of all database workloads
without changing the application or database design.
Intelligent query processing
Through intelligent query processing , you can find that the
performance of key parallel workloads has been improved when they
are run on a large scale. At the same time, they can still adapt to
the changing world of data. By default, smart query processing is
supported on the latest database compatibility level settings,
which will have a wide impact and can improve the performance of
existing workloads with minimal implementation effort.
TABLE 2
New features or updates details
Row mode memory grant feedback By adjusting the memory grant size
of batch mode and row mode operators, the memory grant feedback
function of batch mode was expanded. This adjustment can
automatically correct over-grants, which can result in wasted
memory and reduced concurrency. This adjustment can also correct
insufficient memory grants (which can cause expensive overflow to
disk). See row mode memory grant feedback .
Batch mode on line storage Support batch mode execution without
using column storage index. Batch mode execution uses the CPU more
efficiently during analysis workloads, but in versions lower than
SQL Server 2019 (15.x) , it is only used when the query contains
operations with column storage indexes. However, some applications
may use features that are not supported by the column storage
index, and therefore cannot use the batch mode. Starting with SQL
Server 2019 (15.x) , batch mode is enabled on eligible analytical
workloads whose queries include operations with any type of index
(row storage or column storage). See batch mode on row storage .
Scalar UDF inline Automatically convert scalar UDFs to relational
expressions and embed them to call SQL queries. This conversion
improves the performance of workloads that utilize scalar UDFs. See
scalar UDF inlining .
Table variable delayed compilation Improve the plan quality and
overall performance of queries referencing table variables. During
optimization and initial compilation, this function propagates
cardinality estimates based on the actual table variable row count.
This accurate line count information can optimize downstream
planning operations. See Table Variable Delayed Compilation .
Use APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCTapproximate query processing For absolute
accuracy is not important, but the response speed is critical
circumstances, APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCTto use than
COUNT(DISTINCT())fewer resources while aggregation across large
data sets, in order to achieve high-level concurrency. See
approximate query processing .
Memory Database
SQL Server in- memory database technology utilizes modern hardware
innovations to provide unmatched performance and scale. SQL Server
2019 (15.x) is built on early innovations in this area (such as
in-memory online transaction processing (OLTP)) and is designed to
achieve a new level of scalability for all database workloads.
TABLE 3
New features or updates details
Mixed buffer pool The new feature of the SQL Server database engine
allows direct access to database pages located in database files on
persistent memory (PMEM) devices when needed. See mixed buffer pool
.
Memory optimized TempDB metadata SQL Server 2019 (15.x) introduces
a new feature that belongs to the in- memory database feature
family Memory Optimized TempDB Metadata, which can effectively
eliminate this bottleneck and unlock a new level of scalability for
TempDB's heavy workloads. In SQL Server 2019 (15.x) , system tables
involved in managing temporary table metadata can be moved to
non-persistent memory-optimized tables without latches. See Memory
optimized TempDB metadata .
In-memory OLTP support for database snapshots SQL Server 2019
(15.x) introduced support for creating database snapshots of
databases containing memory-optimized filegroups .
Intelligent performance
SQL Server 2019 (15.x) is built on the innovation of the earlier
version of the intelligent database, and is designed to ensure
increased operating speed . These improvements help overcome known
resource bottlenecks and provide options to configure the database
server to provide predictable performance across all workloads.
TABLE 4
New features or updates details
OPTIMIZE_FOR_SEQUENTIAL_KEY In the SQL Server database engine
optimization is enabled within, help to improve the index high
throughput concurrent inserts. This option is intended for indexes
that are prone to contention for the last page insertion, which is
common in indexes with sequential keys (such as identity columns,
sequences, or date / time columns). See Creating an index .
Force fast forward and static cursor Provides mandatory support for
query storage plans that move forward quickly and static cursors.
See plan to force fast forward and static cursor support .
Resource control REQUEST_MAX_MEMORY_GRANT_PERCENTAnd ALTER WORKLOAD
GROUPa CREATE WORKLOAD GROUPconfigurable option value changes from
integer to floating-point data type, to allow finer control of the
memory limit. See Modifying workload groups and Creating workload
groups .
Reduced recompilation of workload By reducing unnecessary
recompilation, the performance of using temporary tables across
multiple scopes has been improved. See Recompilation with reduced
workload .
Indirect checkpoint scalability See Improved indirect checkpoint
scalability .
Concurrent PFS update Page Free Space (PFS) pages are special pages
in database files that SQL Server uses to help locate available
space when allocating space for objects. Page latch contention on
PFS pages is usually associated with TempDB , but when there are
many concurrent object allocation threads, it may also occur on the
user database. This improvement changes the way that PFS updates
are used to manage concurrency so that they can be updated under
shared latches (rather than exclusive latches). As of SQL Server
2019 (15.x) , this behavior is enabled by default in all databases
(including TempDB).
Scheduler worker role migration With worker role migration, idle
schedulers can migrate worker roles from the runnable queues of
other planners on the same NUMA node, and immediately resume the
tasks of migrated worker roles. In the case where long-running
tasks happen to be assigned to the same scheduler, this enhancement
provides more balanced CPU usage. For more information, see SQL
Server 2019 Smart Performance-Worker Role Migration .
Monitor
Monitoring improvements allows you to unlock performance insights
for any database workload whenever you need it.
TABLE 5
New features or updates details
WAIT_ON_SYNC_STATISTICS_REFRESH sys.dm_os_wait_statsNew wait types
in the dynamic management view. It shows the cumulative time at the
instance level for refresh operations on synchronization
statistics. See . sys.dm_os_wait_stats
Query stored custom capture strategy When this policy is enabled,
additional query storage configurations are available under the new
"Query Storage Capture Policy" setting, which can be used to
fine-tune data collection on specific servers. See ALTER DATABASE
SET option .
LIGHTWEIGHT_QUERY_PROFILING New database scope configuration. See .
LIGHTWEIGHT_QUERY_PROFILING
sys.dm_exec_requests Column command If you SELECTwait for
synchronization statistics update operation is complete before
continuing to execute the query is displayed SELECT (STATMAN). See
. sys.dm_exec_requests
sys.dm_exec_query_plan_stats The new dynamic management function
(DMF) can return the equivalent value of the latest known actual
execution plan of all queries. See sys.dm_exec_query_plan_stats .
LAST_QUERY_PLAN_STATS The new database-wide configuration can be
enabled sys.dm_exec_query_plan_stats. See ALTER DATABASE SCOPED
CONFIGURATION .
query_post_execution_plan_profile Extended Events, light analysis
collected the equivalent of the actual implementation of the plan,
and based on the use of standard analyzes
query_post_execution_showplandifferent. See Query Analysis
Infrastructure .
sys.dm_db_page_info(database_id, file_id, page_id, mode) The new
DMF returns information about the pages in the database. See
sys.dm_db_page_info (Transact-SQL) .
Developer experience
SQL Server 2019 (15.x) continues to provide a first-class developer
experience, and enhanced graphics and spatial data types, UTF-8
support, and a new extensibility framework that enables developers
to use the language of their choice to obtain all of their Data
insights.
Graphics
TABLE 6
New features or updates details
Edge constraint cascade delete operation It is now possible to
define cascading delete operations on edge constraints in the graph
database. See edge constraint .
New graphics function- SHORTEST_PATH Now it can be used MATCHin
SHORTEST_PATHto find the shortest path between any two nodes in the
graph, or for any length traversed.
Partitioned tables and indexes The graphics are now supported in
table and index partitions.
Use derived table or view aliases in graph matching queries See
graph matching query .
Unicode support
Supporting businesses in different countries / regions and regions,
where the requirement to provide global multilingual database
applications and services is essential to meet customer needs and
meet specific market specifications
TABLE 7
New features or updates details
Support UTF-8 character encoding Support UTF-8 for import and
export encoding, and used as a database-level or column-level
collation of string data. Support includes PolyBase external tables
and Always Encrypted (when not used in Enclave). See collation and
Unicode support .
Language extension
TABLE 8
New features or updates details
New Java language SDK Simplified the development of Java programs
that can be run from SQL Server. See SQL Server's Microsoft
Extensibility SDK for Java .
Java language SDK is open source The Microsoft Extensibility SDK
for Microsoft SQL Server for Java is currently open source and
available on GitHub .
Support for Java data types See Java data type .
New default Java runtime SQL Server now includes Azul System's Zulu
Embedded, which is used to provide Java support throughout the
product. Please refer to Free supported Java in SQL Server 2019 is
now available (SQL Server 2019 is now available for free support of
Java).
SQL Server language extension Use an extensibility framework to
execute external code. See SQL Server language extension .
Register an external language CREATE EXTERNAL LANGUAGEIt is a new
data definition language (DDL) that can register external languages
(such as Java) in SQL Server. See CREATE EXTERNAL LANGUAGE .
space
TABLE 9
New features or updates details
New spatial reference identifier (SRID) Australian GDA2020 provides
more reliable and accurate data, which is closer to the data
provided by the global positioning system. The new SRID is:
7843 represents geographic 2D
7844 represents geographic 3D
See the sys.spatial_reference_systems view for the definition of
the new SRID .
wrong information
When the extract, transform, and load (ETL) process fails because
the source and target do not have matching data types and / or
lengths, troubleshooting can be time-consuming, especially in large
data sets. With SQL Server 2019 (15.x), you can learn more about
data truncation errors more quickly.
TABLE 10
New features or updates details
Detailed truncation warning Data truncation error messages include
table and column names and truncated values by default. See
VERBOSE_TRUNCATION_WARNINGS .
Mission critical security
SQL Server provides a secure architecture designed to enable
database administrators and developers to create secure database
applications and respond to threats. Each version of SQL Server has
been improved on the basis of the earlier version, and new features
and functions have been introduced. SQL Server 2019 (15.x)
continues to build on this basis.
TABLE 11
New features or updates details
Always Encrypted with Secure Enclave Extend Always Encrypted with
in-situ encryption and rich computing by enabling computing on
plain text data in the server-side security quarantine. In-situ
encryption can improve the performance and reliability of
encryption operations such as encrypted columns, rotated columns,
and encryption keys, because it can avoid moving data out of the
database. Support for rich computing (pattern matching and
comparison operations) can unlock Always Encrypted to a wider set
of scenarios and applications that require sensitive data
protection and also require richer use in Transact-SQL queries
Function. See Always Encrypted with Security Enclave .
Certificate management in SQL Server Configuration Manager You can
now use SQL Server Configuration Manager to perform certificate
management tasks such as viewing and deploying certificates. See
Certificate Management (SQL Server Configuration Manager) .
Data discovery and classification The data discovery and
classification function provides the function of classifying and
marking the columns in the user table. Classification of sensitive
data (such as business, finance, medical, PII, etc.) plays a key
role in the organization's information protection. It can serve as
an infrastructure for:
Help meet data privacy standards and regulatory compliance
requirements
Various security schemes, such as monitoring (auditing) and alerts
for abnormal access to sensitive data
It is easier to identify the location of sensitive data in the
enterprise, so that administrators can take the right measures to
protect the database
SQL Server audit In addition, the audit conducted intensive
treatment, including in the audit log
data_sensitivity_informationnew field that contains the actual data
returned by a query sensitivity classification (label). See for
details and examples . ADD SENSITIVITY CLASSIFICATION
High availability
Every user needs to perform a common task when deploying SQL Server
, which is to ensure that all mission-critical SQL Server instances
and their databases are readily available when needed by the
enterprise and end users. Usability is a key pillar of the SQL
Server platform, and SQL Server 2019 (15.x) introduces many new
features and enhancements that enable companies to ensure that
their database environments are highly available.
Availability Group
TABLE 12
New features or updates details
Up to five synchronized copies SQL Server 2019 (15.x) increased the
maximum number of synchronized copies from 3 in SQL Server 2017
(14.x) to 5. You can configure 5 copies of this group for automatic
failover in this group. There is 1 primary copy and 4 synchronized
secondary copies.
Secondary copy to primary copy connection redirection Allows client
application connections to be directed to the primary copy
regardless of the target server specified in the connection string.
For more information, see Secondary Replica to Primary Replica Read
/ Write Connection Redirection (AlwaysOn Availability Group) .
HADR equity Every Software Assurance customer of SQL Server will be
able to use three enhancements to any version of SQL Server that
Microsoft still supports. For more information, please see the
announcement here .
restore
TABLE 13
New features or updates details
Accelerate database recovery Reduce recovery time after restarting
or rolling back long-running transactions by accelerating database
recovery (ADR). See Speeding up database recovery .
Resumable operation
TABLE 14
New features or updates details
Online clustered column storage index generation and regeneration
See Performing index operations online .
Resumable online row storage index generation See Performing index
operations online .
Pause and resume the initial scan of transparent data encryption
(TDE) See Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) Scanning-Pause and
Resume .
Platform selection
SQL Server 2019 (15.x) is built on the innovations already
introduced in SQL Server 2017 (14.x) , designed to enable you to
run SQL Server on the platform of your choice and gain more
features and Higher security.
Linux
TABLE 15
New features or updates details
Copy support See SQL Server replication on Linux .
Supports Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator (MSDTC) See
how to configure MSDTC on Linux .
OpenLDAP supports third-party AD providers Please refer to the
tutorial: Using Active Directory Authentication with SQL Server on
Linux .
Machine learning services on Linux See Installing SQL Server
machine learning services (Python and R) on Linux .
TempDB improvements By default, a new installation of SQL Server on
Linux will create multiple TempDB data files (up to 8 data files)
based on the number of logical cores. This does not apply to
in-place minor version or major version upgrades. The size of each
TempDB file is 8 MB, and the auto-growth size is 64 MB. This
behavior is similar to the default SQL Server installation on
Windows.
PolyBase on Linux See Installing PolyBase on Linux for non-Hadoop
connectors . See PolyBase type mapping .
Change data capture (CDC) support SQL Server 2019 (15.x) on Linux
now supports change data capture (CDC).
container
The easiest way to start using SQL Server is to use containers. SQL
Server 2019 (15.x) is built on the innovations introduced in
earlier versions and is designed to enable you to deploy SQL Server
containers on new platforms in a more secure manner and gain more
features.
TABLE 16
New features or updates details
Microsoft Container Registry The Microsoft Container Registry now
replaces Docker Hub with new official Microsoft container images,
including SQL Server 2019 (15.x) .
Non-root container SQL Server 2019 (15.x) introduces the ability to
create more secure containers by starting the SQL Server process as
a non-root user by default . See Building and running SQL Server
containers as a non-root user .
Red Hat certified container image Starting with SQL Server 2019
(15.x) , you can run SQL Server containers on Red Hat Enterprise
Linux.
PolyBase and machine learning support SQL Server 2019 (15.x)
introduces new ways to use SQL Server containers, such as machine
learning services and PolyBase. Check out some examples in SQL
Server in the container GitHub repository .
Installation options
TABLE 17
New features or updates details
New memory setting options Set the "Minimum Server Memory (MB)" and
"Maximum Server Memory (MB)" server configurations during
installation. See "Database Engine Configuration - Memory" page ,
as well as from the command prompt to install SQL Server in , and
parameters. The recommended value follows the memory configuration
guidelines in the server memory configuration options .
USESQLRECOMMENDEDMEMORYLIMITSSQLMINMEMORYSQLMAXMEMORY
New parallelism setting options Set up the "maximum parallelism"
server configuration during installation. For more information, see
"Database Engine Configuration - MaxDOP" page , and install SQL
Server from a command prompt in the parameters. The default value
follows the maximum parallelism guidelines in the configuration
server configuration option "Maximum Parallelism" . SQLMAXDOP
Server / CAL license product key setting warning If an enterprise
server / CAL license product key is entered, and there are more
than 20 physical cores on the computer, or 40 logical cores when
hyperthreading is enabled, a warning will be displayed during the
installation process. The user can still confirm the limit and
continue setting, or enter a license key that supports the maximum
number of processors in the operating system.
SQL Server Machine Learning Service
TABLE 18
New features or updates details
Partition-based modeling It can be used to add
sp_execute_external_scriptnew parameters to process an external
script for each data partition. This feature supports training
multiple small models (one model per data partition) instead of one
large model. See Creating a partition-based model .
Windows Server Failover Cluster The high availability of machine
learning services can be configured on a Windows Server failover
cluster.
SQL Server Analysis Services
This release introduces new features and improvements for
performance, resource management, and client support.
TABLE 19
New features or updates details
Calculation group in tabular model By grouping common metric
expressions into "calculated items", the calculation group can
significantly reduce the number of redundant metric values. To
learn more, see the calculation group in the tabular model .
Query cross Query cross is a table model system configuration that
can improve user query response time under high concurrency. To
learn more, see Query Cross .
Many-to-many relationship in tabular model Many-to-many
relationships are allowed between tables, and the columns in both
tables are non-unique. For more information, see Relationships in
the table model .
Resource management property settings This version includes new
memory settings: Memory QueryMemoryLimit for resource management,
DbpropMsmdRequestMemoryLimit, and OLAP Query
RowsetSerializationLimit. For details, see Memory settings .
Power BI cache refresh control settings This release introduces the
ClientCacheRefreshPolicy attribute, which will replace cached
dashboard tile data and report data when the Power BI service
initially loads Live Connect reports. For more information, see
General properties .
Online attach Online attach can be used to synchronize local read
replicas in a scale-out environment. To learn more, see Online
Attachment .
SQL Server Integration Services
This version introduces new features that improve file operations.
TABLE 20
New features or updates details
Flexible file tasks Perform file operations on the local file
system, Azure Blob storage, and Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2. View
flexible file tasks .
Flexible file source and target Read and write data to Azure Blob
storage and Azure Data Lake Storage Gen2. See flexible file source
and flexible file target .
SQL Server Master Data Services
TABLE 21
New features or updates details
Support for Azure SQL Database managed instance database Host
Master Data Services on the managed instance . See Master Data
Services installation and configuration .
New HTML control The HTML control replaces all previous Silverlight
components. Silverlight dependencies have been removed.
SQL Server Reporting Services
This version of SQL Server Reporting Services features support for
Azure SQL managed instances, Power BI Premium data sets, enhanced
accessibility, Azure Active Directory application proxy, and
transparent database encryption. It will also update Microsoft
Report Builder. For more information, see What's new in SQL Server
Reporting Services .