Gr1 Gr2 Platinum titanium anode for producing Hydrogen and Oxygen

Platinum titanium anode for producing Hydrogen and Oxygen

1. Base material: pure titanium Gr1, ASTM B265

2. Coating: mmo (mixed metal oxide)

3. Applications:

   1) Metal electroplating

   In the electroplating industry our anodes are used for:

• Electro galvanising (zinc plating), including steel strip plating
• Precious metal plating (gold, silver, palladium, etc.)
• Hard chromium plating
• Nickel plating
• Tin plating (steel strips)
• Copper plating, copper foil production and copper foil treatment and PCB manufacturing
• Aluminium anodising in liquid-contact-cells

The principle of metal plating is almost identical for all applications. The metal to be plated is dissolved in the electrolyte and the object to be plated is cathodically polarised. With the anodically polarised anodes, the electrical loop is closed. The counter reaction in the plating bath is oxygen evolution at the anode surface.

The advantage of Titanium anodes over non-inert anodes, such as Graphite anodes, is the constant anode - cathode distance (inter-electrode gap) throughout the lifetime of the anodes. Where the inter-electrode gap increases when Graphite anodes slowly dissolve, inert Titanium anodes keep both voltage and product quality constant.

Besides Titanium and Graphite, Lead anodes are also used. Lead dissolving in the electrolyte causes large problems from an environmental point of view, problems that can be avoided by using Titanium anodes.

Oxygen evolving Titanium anodes also have lower anodic operating potentials and hence provide power savings.

An additional advantage of Titanium anodes is the possibility to re-use the Titanium substrate. When the anode coating has reached the end of its lifetime, the anodes can be re-coated by MAGNETO special anodes B.V. after cleaning and, if necessary, repairs.

For each specific application, MAGNETO special anodes B.V. has specific coatings for new substrates and for refurbishment, such as:

• Platinised Titanium
• Titanium with an Iridium Mixed Metal Oxide coating

Anodised aluminium is an often-used material in the lithographic industry. Whereas with metal plating a small film of metal is applied on the base material, with aluminium anodising the top layer of the aluminium is oxidised.After anodising (oxidising) the aluminium, its surface provides a better adherence for the light sensitive coating, necessary in the lithographic industry.

The anodes for the metal plating industry are used for electroplating all sorts of objects, from jewellery in small batches to continuous steel strip plating. The diversity of the products that are plated with the help of our anodes is reflected in the diversity of the anodes that we produce. Our own mechanical workshop and carefully selected suppliers, enable us to produce a very wide range of anodes in various shapes.

   2) Swimming pool disinfection

The availability of the Titanium anode has been a major break-through for the electrolysis of seawater. The most important applications are the prevention of mussel- and algae growth on ship hulls, in cooling water installations of, for instance, power plants.

The electrolytes used in this application vary widely in temperature and salt concentration. From cold water in the northern Atlantic Ocean to the warm water of the Indian Ocean and from brackish water to seawater with 30 g salt/l. The anodes also have to be able to withstand de-scaling by means of acid rinse, high electrolyte velocity or reversal of polarity. For this wide variety of circumstances and electrolytes, we have developed specific and highly suitable Titanium anodes.

For an efficient chloride production and for long lifetimes, the following types of anodes are available:

• CLTN anodes
• Titanium with a Ruthenium Mixed Metal Oxide coating
• Titanium with a Platinum-Iridium Oxide coating
• Platinised Titanium

Since the start of the cooperation with of Cumberland Electrochemical Ltd early 2004 the combined know how of both companies with regard to the development, manufacturing and application of Titanium Anodes are also applied to the refurbishment, repair and replacement of seawater electrochlorination cells. Complete cells are disassembled, inspected and provided with new, in house manufactured anodes and other spare parts if required. Consequently the cells are completely reassembled and returned to our clients. If required the cells are commissioned on site.

   3) Chlorine and soda caustic production

Our anodes are used in processes such as potable water treatment, treatment of process water and wastewater, but also for recovery and separation of valuable or environmentally hazardous materials. For instance:

• Electrochemical recovery of metals (Ni, Cd, Cu, Zn, Sn, Ag, Au, etc.)
• Direct or indirect oxidation and break-down of organic contamination or cyanide
• Removal of small solid particles by means of electroflocculation
• Electrodialysis, desalination of process water and recovery of several materials
• Softening of water, de-scaling
• Membrane processes

The different anodes, used in these processes and systems, are very often designed and developed together with our customers or with specialised research institutes. Our engineers are more than happy to assist you with their knowledge and experience in your search for the ideal anode for your specific application.

4. Our offer of mmo anode depends on the below details:

    1) Electrolyte composition and density

    2) Current density

    3) Application

    4) Required working life