STMicroelectronics L6599ATDTR Professional Power Management PMIC
IMPROVED High Volt RESONANT CONTROLLER
Applications
LCD and PDP TV
Desktop PC, entry-level server
Telecom SMPS
High efficiency industrial SMPS
AC-DC adapter, open frame SMP
Features 50% duty cycle, variable frequency control of resonant
half bridge High accuracy oscillator Up to 500 kHz operating
frequency Two-level OCP: frequency-shift and latched shutdown
Interface with PFC controller Latched disable input Burst mode
operation at light load Input for power-ON/OFF sequencing or
brownout protection Non-linear soft-start for monotonic output
voltage rise 600 V - rail compatible high-side gate driver with
integrated bootstrap diode and high dv/dt immunity -300/700 mA
high-side and low-side gate drivers with UVLO pull-down
Guaranteed for extreme temperature ranges
Description The L6599AT is an improved revision of the
previous L6599A. It is a double-ended controller specific to
series-resonant half bridge topology. It provides 50% complementary
duty cycle: the high-side switch and the low-side switch are driven
ON/OFF 180° out-of-phase for exactly the same time. Output voltage
regulation is obtained by modulating the operating frequency. A
fixed deadtime inserted between the turn-off of one switch and the
turn-on of the other guarantees soft-switching and enables
high-frequency operation. To drive the high-side switch with the
bootstrap approach, the IC incorporates a high voltage floating
structure able to withstand more than 600 V with a
synchronous-driven high voltage DMOS that replaces the external
fast-recovery bootstrap diode. The IC enables the designer to set
the operating frequency range of the converter by means of an
externally programmable oscillator. At startup, to prevent
uncontrolled inrush current, the switching frequency starts from a
programmable maximum value and progressively decays until it
reaches the steady-state value determined by the control loop. This
frequency shift is non-linear to minimize output voltage
overshoots; its duration is programmable as well. At light load the
IC may enter a controlled burst mode operation that keeps the
converter input consumption to a minimum. IC functions include a
not-latched active-low disable input with current hysteresis useful
for power sequencing or for brownout protection, a current sense
input for OCP with frequency shift and delayed shutdown with
automatic restart. A higher level OCP latches off the IC if the
first-level protection is not sufficient to control the primary
current. Their combination offers complete protection against
overload and short-circuits. An additional latched disable input
(DIS) allows easy implementation of OTP and/or OVP. An interface
with the PFC controller is provided that enables the pre-regulator
to be switched off during fault conditions, such as OCP shutdown
and DIS high, or during burst mode operation
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Pin connection
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Application information The L6599AT is an advanced double-ended
controller specific for resonant half bridge topology (see Figure
4). In these converters the switches (MOSFETs) of the half bridge
leg are alternately switched on and off (180° out-of-phase) for
exactly the same time. This is commonly referred to as operation at
“50% duty cycle”, although the real duty cycle, that is the ratio
of the ON-time of either switch to the switching period, is
actually less than 50%. The reason is that there is an internally
fixed deadtime TD inserted between the turn-off of either MOSFET
and the turn-on of the other one, where both MOSFETs are off. This
deadtime is essential in order for the converter to work correctly:
it ensures soft-switching and enables high-frequency operation with
high efficiency and low EMI emissions. To perform converter output
voltage regulation the device is able to operate in different modes
(Figure 3), depending on the load conditions: 1. Variable frequency
at heavy and medium/light load. A relaxation oscillator (see
Section 6.1: Oscillator for more details) generates a symmetrical
triangular waveform, which the MOSFET switching is locked to. The
frequency of this waveform is related to a current that is
modulated by the feedback circuitry. As a result, the tank circuit
driven by the half bridge is stimulated at a frequency dictated by
the feedback loop to keep the output voltage regulated, therefore
exploiting its frequency-dependent transfer characteristics. 2.
Burst mode control with no or very light load. When the load falls
below a value, the converter enters a controlled intermittent
operation, where a series of a few switching cycles at a nearly
fixed frequency are spaced out by long idle periods where both
MOSFETs are in OFF-state. A further load decrease is translated
into longer idle periods and then in a reduction of the average
switching frequency. When the converter is completely unloaded, the
average switching frequency can go down even to few hundred hertz,
therefore minimizing magnetizing current losses as well as all
frequency-related losses and making it easier to comply with energy
saving recommendations
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