Used portable horse barns stalls stable nz ontario for sale in texas

Used portable horse barns stalls stable nz ontario for sale in texas

One way the absorbed energy can be calculated is to determine the velocity of the drop weight at the moment of complete sample failure v2 (m s-1), which occurs subsequent to the moment of maximal bending. Applying Equation (3) the kinetic energy at the moment of impact Ekin 1 (Nm) and the moment of sample failure Ekin 2 (Nm) can be calculated. The result of subtraction is the energy to cause complete failure of the sample. The deflection of the sample has to be measured in order to calculate the velocity of the drop weight and may be done with an optical system, built of a light emitting diode (LED), line grid and a photo cell, as was described by Widmann (2009), a high-speed video system (Ammann, 2006), or a rotating roller which detects the relative motion between guide axis and drop weight (Ammann, 2006).

Alternatively, the absorbed energy can be calculated by integrating the force along the path during sample deflects until failure occurs. This requires force detection with a load cell integrated in the head of the drop weight. The absorbed energy is represented by the integral of the force-deflection diagram (area under the curve). With the application of an acceleration sensor (Kalberer, 2006; Amman, 2006), all required data can be calculated by the mass of the drop weight, the time elapsed after releasing the drop weight, and the detected acceleration. A simple way to measure the absorbed energy was conducted in this study. With a certain similarity to the Hatt-Turner Test (ASTM D 143), a drop weight applies an impact load to the test object while the height of drop weight is increased step-wise until failure occurs. This approach avoids the determination of the remaining energy after sample failure so that no electronic measurement equipment is required. One of the weaknesses of this test set-up is the variation of the impact velocity when mass and the initial position of the drop weight has to be adapted to reach a certain impact load. Furthermore, the lack of data during failure prevents detailed information on the fracture.

Bamboo is a fast growing plant, which differs clearly from wood logs with its smaller diameter and hollow culms. This means that to utilize bamboo on a large commercial scale, for instance like timber planks as infill for horseboxes, composite materials will need to be manufactured (Jiang et al., 2002). Laminated bamboo lumber (LBL), traded under the generic name COBAM (concentrated bamboo), is made of bamboo culms, split lengthwise into strips of about 5 mm thickness and 20 mm width, glued with phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin, dried, arranged in parallel order, consolidated under high pressure to a high density panel and finally cut into timber-like planks (Jiang & Tang, 2003). The content of the PF resin can be estimated at between 10 and 30 %.

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